Manufacture of rayon



1944- A. L. JACKSON MANUFACTURE OF RAYON Filed Aug. 5, 1940 5Sheets-Sheet 1 ARTHUR. Ldncxsow,

Jan. 11, v JACKSON MANUFACTURE OF RAYON Filed Aug. 3, 1940 '5 sheetssheet 2 ARTHUR LJacxson,

9 A. L. JACKSON MANUFACTURE OF RAYON Filed Aug. 5, 1940 5 Sheets-Sheet 3N 2 O v 6 8 A m W 5 W V 3 3 7 l. 8 7 6 6 0 o 6 m6 5 7 2 1 9 5 9 W O 7 70 ma 7 Jan. 11, 1944. A, L, JACKSON MANUFACTURE OF RAYON 5 Sheets-Sheet4 Filed Aug. 6 1940 mmv ARTHUR JncKsoN,

Patented Jan. n, 1944 MANUFACTURE OF RAYON Arthur L. Jackson, WestAshevilla'N. (3., assignmto American Enka' Corporation, Enka, N. C., a

corporation of Delaware Application August 3, 19%0, Serial No. 350,21511 Claims. 01142-43) This invention relates to the manufacture of threador yarn and more particularly to a process of and apparatus forpreparing bodies of such material in package form.

While wound packages of thread are employed incident to many industrialoperations, one of the chief uses of such packages at this time is inconjunction with the manufacture of rayon by the bobbin spinningprocess.

In the manufacture of rayon according to the bobbin spinning process,freshlyqormed filaments are led directly from a spinning bath to aspinning bobbinj'on which they are wound in successive layers until apackage, of suitable size has been prepared. Ordinarilythe bobbin isrotated and the yarn is laid up thereon in longitudinal courses by atraverse mechanism. Rayon yarn,

after having been so prepared in package form is not yet, however, infinished condition, but must be later subjected to a number ofaftertreatments such as ,-washing, desulphurizing',

bleaching and drying. According to conven: tional practice theseafter-treatments are accomplished while theyarn is still in packageform.

as originally wound on the bobbin, a hollow periorated spinning bobbinbeing employed so that the package of yarn may be. placed in either apressure or vacuum system in which treating liquids are forced radiallythrough the perforations in the bobbin and through the yarn body woundthereon.

The process outlined above has proved somewhat satisfactory inoperation, and is now in commercial use. It has been found, however,

that yarn produced according tothe process is at least partiallyimperfect, giving evidence of not having been subjected, in a uniformmanner,

,to the customary after-treatments employed in the preparation of highquality rayon.

After extensive study andv experimentation, it

was determined that the difficulty in contacting,

to a'uniform extent, all of the component yarn on a spinning bobbin withthe necessary after-' treating liquids arose chiefly because of thedensity of the wound package, some portions of the package being sodense as to materially 'inhibit the passage of treating liquidstherethrough.

In an effort to overcome the foregoing difllbulty a number of processesand apparatus have .been developed. Quick shifting of thetraverse arm,for example, was found to be of importance in avoiding too much densityof the package at the ends, while-a stroke displacement auxiliary I toordinary stroke shortening has been partially successful in producingawashable package.

With the advent of high tension yarns, however, the prior art efforts atsolving the washing problem were wholly unsuccessful, the additiona1ten- ,sion serving to greatly increase the density of the package.

When the new problems incident to high tension yarn were firstdiscovered it was thought that the synchronism of the traverse arm withthe spinning bobbin to produce a pattern wind of the type commonly knownto the industry as the basket weave would offer a satisfactory solution.The basket weave package, however,

cannot be treated satisfactorily because the interstices betweenadjacent layers of yarn present a radial opening from the periphery ofthe package to the bobbin. Treating liquids, in following the line ofleast resistance in their passage through the yarn body, are thusejected through these interstices, consequently Icy-passing much.

of the yarn body that shouldbe subjected to treatment. Again the resultwas a final product lacking in uniformity.

Another suggested remedy for preparing a package having good washingqualities wasthe' employment of a bobbin and traverse drivenindependently, thus reverting to the old type of dense package, the sizeof the package being con-e siderably reduced in diameter. While it ispossible to produce bobbins so wound which willrespond satisfactorily totreatment, the small size. a

of eachpackage so reduces operating efiiciency as to render this planwholly unsatisfactory from an economic standpoint.

It is therefore an object of this invention to overcome all of theforegoing difliculties and .to

produce wound threadpackages having superior washing qualitiesregardless of the tension to which'the yarn may be subjected duringspinning, or of the size of the package ultimately produced. I

In accordance with the concept of the present processit is ontemplatedthat the wound package of yarn 0 thread produced will'be characteri'zedby considerable density and yet will be uniformly permeable throughoutto facilitate any fluid treatment deemed necessary or desirable.

- The provision of readily adjustable apparatus for producing woundpackages of uniform permeability under either high or low tension isalso an object of this invention, whilethe apparatus is contemplated forusein ordinary bobbin spinning, in two bath spinning or in otherwindingv operations requiring the production of a dense I package ofuniform permeability.-

To this end it is contemplated to continuously wind packages of yarnaccording to a predeter mined fixed pattern such as the basket weave andto relatively displace successively wound portions of the pattern toproduce a dense but uniformly permeable wound package. a.

Other objects and advantages of this invention bobbin II and gear I4,the respective shafts I2 of bobbins II are provided with identical gearsI6, gear I6 meshing with identical gears I! attached at spaced intervalsalong a shaft I8.

consequence will cause all of the bobbins II to rotate in the samedirection at a constant speed determined by the speed of rotation of.shaft I5 and the relative diameters of gears I4 and I9. It will berecognized that although only two bobbins are shown in Figure 1, a largenumber of such bobbins will be employed simultaneously in commercialspinning.

Figure '3 is a view taken along line 3-3 of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a view taken along line 44 of Figure 2;

Figure 5 is a view taken along line 55 of Figure 2;

Figure 6 is a view in side elevation of the device for shifting the camshown in Figure 2 to effect hortening of the strokeof the traverse arm;

Figure 7 is a view in front .elevation of the device shown in Figure 6;

Figure 8 is a view in rear elevation of the device shown in Figure 6;

Figure 9 is a view in side elevation of the automatic tripping couplinginterposed between the driving gear train and the traverse mechaeI'llSm;

Figure 10 is a view in front elevation of the coupling shown in Figure9; v

Figure 11 is a graphic illustration showing how the principle of thetripping coupling is utilized to produce peripheral displacement of thepattern as the yarn is laid up on the bobbin;

The traverse bar I3 which operates in synchroni'sm with bobbins II isalso driven from gear I4 although the intermediate driving conmotionsare somewhat more complex. It will be noted that traverse bar I3 issupported at spaced intervals by arms 20 which are attached to anddepend from a, rocker shaft 2| suitably journaled in a manner not shown.Upon oscillation of rocker shaft 2I, arms 20 will also oscillatethuscausing traverse bar I3 to reciprocate and thereby lay up yarn II)in superimposed courses extending axially of each bobbin.

To effect the oscillation of shaft 2I an arm 22 is keyed thereto, thisarm being provided with a cam follower 23 movable in response torotation of a heart-shaped cam 24. Heart cam 24 is mounted for rotationwith a shaft 25 which is provided at one end with a driving sprocket 26.

Since the rotation of shaft 25 is imparted to cam 26 which controls thereciprocation of traverse bar I3, shaft 25 is driven from gear. throughits sprocket 26 in order to bring about the synchronism discussed above.However, it is desirable that the speed of traverse bar I3 beconsiderably less than, although proportional to, the speed of rotationof bobbins II also driven from gear I4. To this end, a speed reductiongear train is interposed between gear I4 and Figure 12 illustrates theperipheral dis'placement (Figure 11) of theyarn graphically superimposedon the stroke shortening and stroke displacement effected by themechanism disclosed in Figure 1;

Figure 13 represents a bobbin showing peripheral displacement of thepattern effected by the tripping coupling and the relative positions ofthe diamond formations circumferentially;

Figure 14 is a longitudinal half-section of the bobbin showing severallayers of yarn forming generally conical ends as .a result of the strokeshortening and stroke displacement; and

Figure 15 is an end elevation of the bobbin diagrammatically showing anend pattern with peripheral displacement.

Referring to the winding machine shown in Figure 1, it will be seen thata series of yarns I0 issuing from a spinning bath, not shown, are iwound on perforated bobbins II supported and a sprocket 26 to reduce thespeed of shaft 25 with respect to that of shaft I8.

This gear train consists of gear 21; gear I91,

gear 28, identical in size to gear 21; gear 29, smaller than gear 28(although this is not necessary) and mounted on a shaft 30 therewith;gear 3| larger than gear 29 and sprocket 32 mounted onshaft 33 with gear3I and connected by chain 34 to sprocket 26. It will be understood thateach of the shafts for the various gears is suitably supported in ajournal not shown. By rotation of shaft I5, movement will be imparted toshaft 18 through gear I9 and to shaft 25 through gears 21, 28, 29 and3|, and sprockets 32 and 26. Gears 21 and 28 are of equal diameter sothat a second series of bobbins may be driven from gear 28 in the sameway that bobbins II are driven, that is, through a construction similarto gear course of yarn would, however, exactly correspond to every othercourse in both length and pattern. I p

In order to displace portions of the pattern with respect to previouslywound portions thereof and thereby avoid the occurrence of intersticesin radial alignment as well as to build a package having the usualconical ends, stroke shortening and stroke displacement are superimposedupon the pattern wind by adjustment of the eccen- Shaft l8 is driven bygear I4 through gear I9 and as a tricity of the surface of cam 24 withrespect to v haft 25 which eccentricity will alter the length of thepath of reciprocation of traverse bar I3.

, To'explain the manner in which this is effected,

with respect thereto,

Upon consideration of Figures 2 to 5, inclusive, of the drawings, itwill be seen that cam 24 surrounds an arm 35 which is keyed to shaft 25for rotation therewith. This arm is the drivin arm for effectingrotation of cam 24 with shaft 25. However, because of the fact that cam24 is to be shifted in radial paths with respect to shaft 25, no directconnection between arm 35 and cam 24 is made. In lieu of this, a spider36 is mounted around shaft 25 adjacent cam 24 and driving connectionsbetween the free end of arm 35 and spider 36,1 and spider 36 and cam 24,are effected. The connection between the free end of. arm 35 and spider36 is a simple one consisting of a threaded bolt 31 passed through eachmember and held in position by nuts 38 and 38. Inasmuch as spider 36 issubject to radial movement with respect to the axis of bolt 31,- a slot31a is provided in the spider for the bolt. Pairs of bolts 40 and 4|having threaded ends connect spider 36 and cam 24, the latter beingprovided with elongated slots 42 so that it may be bodily shiftedwithrespect to the bolts. Because of the necessity for shifting theposition of cam 24 on the pairs of bolts 40 and 4 I, nuts cannot bedrawndirectly against the cam. As a consequence, these bolts areconstructed to include polygonal shank portions 43 of such a diameterthat the thickened portion will not pass. through slots 42.

Another spider 44 is mounted on the end of thebolt remote from the endspassing through spider '36, pider 44 being spaced from cam 24 because ofthe thickened shanks 43 of both pairs of bolts and cam 24 being heldagainst wobbling by the shoulders of the bolts and the smooth surface ofspider 36. Nuts 45, engaging the threaded ends of bolts 40 and 4|, serieto hold spiders 36 and 44 as well as cam 24 inoperating position.Rotation of shaft 25 will thus cause rotation of arm 35 which in turnwill cause spider 36 to turn. Spider 44 and cam 24, being attached bybolts 46 and 4| to spider 36, will also turn therewith.

Since cam'24 is movable in a plane at right angles to shaft 25 betweenthe shoulders of bolts 46 and 4| and spider 36, it is evident that thedegree of eccentricity of the cam surface with respect to shaft 25 maybe varied within limits defined by slots 42. To this end a cam mechanism is associated with cam 24 which, when actuated, will vary theeccentricity of the cam surface with respect to shaft 25.

The cam follower mechanism on cam 24 in-.

cludes a traverse bar 46 bolted thereto. At right angles to this bar anddepending downwardly therefrom is the cam follower proper designated bythe numeral 41. A spring mechanism continuously holds follower 41against a cam 48 which is'mounted for rotation in spider 44. It will beborne in mind that cam 24 is movable with respect to spider 44 andbolts" and 4|. For this reason coil springs 49 are suitably attached at56 to cam 24 and extend to projections 5| of bolts '48. It will'be seenthat the effect of these springs is to constantly draw cam 24 downwardlyfrom the position shown in Figure 4. Since cam follower 41 is rigidlyattached sive.

to cam 24, constant contact between cam 48 and y follower 41 will bemaintained. Cam- 48 is attached for rotation with shaft 5 which isjournaled at 53 in spider 44. A universal coupling 54 extends fromshaft52 and is adapted for attachment to a driving means. In order tovary the effect of cam '48 upon cam 24, slots 55 are provided in spider44 for the reception of bolts 48 and 4|. The adjusted position of spider44 with respect to the bolts is determined by operation of set screws56, lock nuts 51 serving to maintain the adjustment. Adjustmentmay bemade by loosening nuts 45 and when the new position is attained they areimply drawn tight thus again securing spider 44 against the shoulderdefined by shank portions 43 of bolts 48 and which in turn are attachedto spider 36. v

It will be noted that springs 49 urge the cam 24 to a position ofmaximum eccentricity with regard to shaft 25. As a consequence,-cam' 48is so adjusted that at the start of a winding operation the surfaceclosest to the center of shaft 52 is presented for contact by follower41. Cam 48 is then gradually caused to turn as shown by the arrow inFigure 4, thereby gradually decreasing the degree of relativeeccentricitybetween cam 24 and shaft 25, and thus shortening the strokeof arm 22 and traverse bar I3. This will produce a package havingconical ends, because of reduction in the length of successivetraversing courses of yarn laid up on bobbin II.

By referring to Figure 5 of the drawings, it will be seen that thebearing surface around which spider 36, cam 24, and spider 44 turn, isnot shaft 25 but hollow cam shaft 58. It is evident that by turningshaft 58 the relative eccentricity of shaft 25 and cam 24 may be variedand that this variation will be superimposed upon the variation producedby movement of cam 48. Thus, by driving cam shaft 58 faster than cam 48it is possible to produce a stroke displacement as well as a strokeshortening, the displacement, 2 however, being limited by the positionof shaft 58.

The manner in which cam shaft 58 is operated is lmown in the artto'which this invention -ap-* pertains being shown inPatent 2,122,092 toEngel. In Figure 7 of the patent it Will be noted that cam 22 is keyedto bushing 23 and rotate about shaft l8. Cam 22 of the patentcorresponds to cam shaft 58 of the application, and shaft l8 of thepatent corresponds to shaft 25 of the application. Cam 22, in its pathof rotation, motivates roller 28, which is bolted to member l3corresponding to applicants spider 36.

The means by which the movement of cam 48 is effected is shown inFigures 6 to 8, inclu- The cam shifting device consists of a disc 58keyed at 68 to shaft 25. A star gear 6| i attached to disc 59 and isadapted, upon rotation of shaft 25, to strike a stationary pin, notshown. The motion thus imparted to star gear 6| is conveyedthrough asuitable speed reduction transmission to a shaft 62 which is attached tocoupling 54 of shaft 52. Star gear 6| is attached to shaft 63 which isheld in position parallel to the plane of disc 69 by journals 64 and 65fastened to. the-disc. A portion of shaft 63 is eccentric and over this,portion a pawl 66 is mounted, a collar 6'l urged by spring 68 serving tohold pawl 66 in position, abutting journal 64'. Pawl 66 cooperates witha ratchet wheel 69 mounted on a shaft I8 provided with journals H and I2suitably fastened to disc 59. In order to hold pawl 86 in constantengage;

ment with ratchet wheel a spring 13 is attached thereto, this springbeing fastened to an arm 14 attached to the disc. The ratchet wheel 89,on the other hand, is held in position against reversal by a springurged pawl 15 attached forpivotal movement to disc 59. It will berecognized that as shaft rotates and star gear 8I strikes the fixed pindisposed in its path, shaft 83 will slowly turn, thereby shifting firstdownwardly'a-nd then upwardly the position -of pawl 88,'a completereciprocation of said pawl being effected upon every completemevolutionof shaft 83. As pawl 88 moves down it will turn ratchet wheel 89 in acounterclockwise direction ther'eby imparting movement to shaft 18.Shaft 18 is [provided with a worm 15a at its end remote from ratchetwheel 69 and this worm is adapted to drive a transmission consisting ofgears 15,

disc 84 being provided with an elongated sleeve portion 88 whichoverlies a short portion of shaft 25. A hollow shaft 81 is mounted forrotation on -=s1eeve 88, this shaft having sprocket 28 and ratchetwheels 88 and 89 keyed thereto. In order to eifectthe rotation of shaft25in response to rotation of shaft 81 carrying driven sprocket 28, aclutch mechanism is interposed between ratchet wheel 89 and disc 84.

The driving of disc 84 from ratchet wheel 89 is effected by theemployment of two pawls 98 pivotally attached to the disc at 9| andurged into engagement with ratchet wheel 89 by springs 92 attached to anarm 93 attached to and extending out from the disc.- It will be notedthat the pawls are so arranged that only one pawl 98 at a time is drivenby ratchet wheel 89, the

remaining pawl being but partially inserted into 18a, 11 and 18 andthereby effect movement of shaft 62. Gears 18, 18a and 11 are mounted onstuds projecting out from disc 59, suitable journalsbeing provided tocontrol axial and radial thrust. Gear 18, on the other hand, is mountedon a shaft 19 which extends through disc 59 and carries a coupling 88 atits other end. Journals 8| and 82 are provided for shaft 19. It will benoted that the stud on which gear 11 is mounted is received in a slot 83of disc 59. This slot permits the substitution of gears of'varyingsize,'

thereby permitting adjustment of the speed of rotation of shaft 82 withregard to the speed of rotation of star gear 8I;

When the portions of the machine thus far described are put intooperation by driving shaft I4, yarn I8 will be Wound on bobbins II in'courses the length of which is dependent upon the operation of cam 48and cam shaft 58 which in turn control the eccentricity of cam '24.- Thespeed of cam shaft 58 is determined by the speed of shaft 25 and aplanetary transmission such as thatshown in Figure '1 of the patent toEngel, No.

an adjacent ratchet of the wheel. It is therefore evident that by movingthe driven pawl out of engagement with ratchet wheel 89, said sprocketwill turn without moving disc 84 until the otherpawl abuts the drivingedge of the tooth in which 2,122,092, previously mentioned. Onesatisfactory adjustment of these cams is effected by setting the gearingon disc 59 to turn cam 48 one complete revolution for every 12,000revolutions of shaft 25 while cam 58is turned one complete revolutionfor every 3.9 revolutions of shaft 25. Bobbins II are driven at about 25revolutions to 3 revolutions of cam 24. The eccentricity of cam shaft 58is adjusted to about 25 mm. while a total stroke shortening of 50 mm. isefiected by cam 48. By this arrangement, a package having conical endsis built, the angle 'of the cone being determined by cam 48 by itsaction upon cam 24, while, each successive course is axially displacedwith respect to the course previously laid upby the action of cam shaft58. Since-cam shaft 58 is operating so.much faster than cam 48 it willbe recognized that the stroke displacement will recur a large number oftimes during This displace the preparation of a package. ment will, ofcoursepmodify the pattern wind produced by driving cam 24'and bobbins IIin synchronism from a common powersource,& shaft I5}. p

To effect a circumferential displacement of successive portions of thewound package an automatic tripping coupling may be ,interposedfbetweendriving gear I4 and earn 24, the effect of this. coupling *beingperiodically, to stop momen-.

it was previously only partly received. During this period the rotationof shaft 25 will cease. To effect intermittently the alternatedisplacement of pawls 98 a star gear 94 is employed, this gear drivingthrough a transmission a disc 95 on opposite sides of which are mountedpawl displacing pins 98 and 91 each pin acting on its 'respective pawl.

Star gear 94 is mounted on shaft 95a which is attached to disc 84through journal 98a. The

a pin, not shown is disposed in the path of this gear as it turns bodilywith disc 84 and, upon triking this pin, gear 94 is moved. After anumber of revolutions of shaft 95a determined by the diameters of thevarious gears in the transmission, one of .the pins 98 or 91 willdisplace it's pawl 98 thereby causing disc 84, and hence shaft 25,tostop. A pawl I88 is also attached to disc '84 bypivotal connection topost I85. This pawl engages sprocket wheel 88 and merely functions tokeep shaft .25 and disc 84 from turning ahead of the driving member 89.

The tripping coupling described above, when placed in operation, willcause momentary intermittent cessation of movement on the part of shaft25. On the ,otherhand, because of the position of the tripping couplingthe driving .of bobbin will continue uninterrupted. The result,therefore, of momentarily stopping the rotation of shaft 25, andconsequently heart cam 24, is to interrupt the synchronism of the bob--bins with the traverse bar I3 driven from cam "24. Inasmuch as a patternwind is being produced by the driving synuchronism, it will be tarilythe rotation of shaft 25 and hence. cam 24 driven therefrom. Theapparatus for accomannexed drawings. pling includes a disc 84 keyed at:to shaft 25.

- plishing this is shown in Figures 9.,and 10 of the As shown thetripping oouseen. that the momentaryv cessation of movement on the partof the traverse arm will result in circumferential displacement orangular displacement .in a plane normal to the axis of the spool ofsucceeding portions of the pattern produced with respect topreviouslywound portions thereof.

1 In operating the machine shown in Figure 1,.

' of the bobbins.

f it is possible to produce a pattern wind and to modify the productionof the, pattern in three ways. The pattern may be displaced onlycircumferentially by the employment of the tripping coupling alonewithout the use of hollow cam shaft 58 which effects a strokedisplacement; the stroke shortening mechanism, however, may be used toeffect the production of a package having conical ends. .On the otherhand, the

in driving star gear 94 may be removed and the cam shaft 58 may bebrought into operation.

This will result solely in a stroke displacement which will, of course,result in modifying the formation of the pattern produced by the drivingof the traverse bar and bobbins in synchronism.

Still further relative displacement of the successively wound portionsof the pattern may be effcct'edby the use of the automatic trippingcoupling in conjunction with stroke shortening and stroke displacement;

In other Words, according to this invention, yarnis laid up insuccessive courses on bobbins i I. the production of the coursesfollowing a predetermined pattern dependent upon the speed ratio betweentraverse bar l3 and bobbins H.

"The formation of the pattern may be modified by stroke displacementand/or stroke shortening and/0r portions of the pattern per se may bedisplaced circumferentially. In any instance, it is customary tosuperimpose the pattern displacement upon ordinary stroke shorteningemployed in making a package having conical ends.

The term course as employed in the specistroke of the traverse mechanisma plurality of times during the winding of a single package,

means for continuously reducing the average length of the stroke of thetraversemechanism during the preparation of the package, and means forefiecting circumferential displacement of successive portions of thepattern.

3. In apparatus for winding yarn in package form, a bobbin, a traversemechanism, means for driving said bobbin and traverse mechanisminsynchronism toproduce a pattern wind, means associated with thetraverse mechanism for controlling the shape of the package and meansfor periodically momentarily stopping movement of one of the drivenelements to effect relative displacement of successive portions of thepattern.

4. In apparatus for winding yarn in package form, a bobbin, a traversemechanism, means for driving said bobbin and traverse mechanism insynchronism, means for continuously shortening the stroke of thetraverse mechanism during the winding period and means intermediate thedriving means and the traverse mechanism for periodically momentarilystopping movement of the latter, whereby to produce a wound packagehaving superior washing qualities.

5. In apparatus for winding yarn in package form, a bobbin, a traversemechanism, means for driving said bobbin and traverse mechanism insynchronisrh, means associated with the traverse mechanism forcontrolling the shape of the package; separate means associated withsaid traverse mechanism for effecting displacements of the stroke ofsaid traverse mechanism within limits formation throughout the body ofthe package.

and is, therefore, properly termed the pattem. When packages are woundby mechanisms involving separatedrives for the traverse and the bobbin,no pattern formation is efiected as th arrangement of the diamonds ishaphazard and occur in a random manner throughout the body of thepackage.

Having now described the invention in its preferred form, it isunderstood that variations and modifications may be made therein withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention, and it is desired that thevscope thereof be limited only by the spirit of the appended claims.

.What is claimed is 1 1. In apparatus for winding yarn in package form,a bobbin, a traverse mechanism, means for drivingsaid bobbin andtraverse mechanism in synchronism to produce a pattern wind, and meansfor circumferentially displacing successivelywound portions of thepattern, whereby to produce a substantially dense package of yarn havingsuperior washing qualities.

2. In apparatus for winding yarn in package form, a bobbin, a traversemechanism, means for driving said bobbin ,and traverse mechanism insynchronism toproduce a pattern wind, means for successively shorteningand lengthening the defined by said controlling means, and means forperiodically momentarily stopping movement of said traverse mechanism,whereby to produce a substantially dense package of yarn having superiorwashing qualities.

6. In apparatus for winding yarn in package form, a bobbin, a traversemechanism, means for driving said bobbin and traverse mechanism insynchronism, means for successively shortening and lengthenin the strokeof the traverse mechanism a plurality of times during the winding of asingle package, means for continuously reducing the average length ofthe stroke of the traverse mechanism during the preparation of thepackage, and means intermediate the driving means and the traversemechanism for periodically momentarily stopping movement of the latter,whereby to produce a substantially dense package of yarn having-superiorwashing qualities.

7. In apparatus for winding yarn in package form, a bobbin, a mechanismincluding a cam and a traverse bar driven thereby, means for drivingsaid bobbin and cam in synchronism, means associated with the cam fordetermining the shape of the package and means intermediate said drivingmeans and said cam for periodicallymomentarily stopping the moveinent ofthe latter. 1

8. In apparatus for winding yarn in package form, a bobbin, a mechanismincluding a cam and-a traverse bar driven thereby, means for drivingsaidbobbin and cam, means associated with the cam for determining theshape of the package and means intermediate said driving means and saidcam for periodically momentarily stopping the m0vement of the latter. 9.A-process for producing cross-wound packages of yarn 'or thelike'comprising', continuously winding successive courses of yarnaccord-- ing to afixed pattern and intermittently, relativelycircumferentially displacing successively wound portions of the pattern.

10.- In apparatus for winding yarn in package form, a bobbin, a traversemechanism, a'driven shaft for driving the bobbin, ,means for drivingsaid traverse mechanism in synchronisrn with said driven shaft toproduce a pattern wind and 3 means for periodically momentarily stoppingmovement of one of the driven elements to efl'ect 19 relativedisplacement of successive portions or the pattern.

11. A process for producing cross-wound packages of yarn or the likewhich comprises continuously winding successive courses of yarnaccording to a predetermined pattern, modifying the formation oi thepattern and intermittently, relatively, circumferentially displacingsuccessively wound portions of the pattern.

' ARTHUR L. JACKSON.

